FAREWELL TO WHISKEY [1] (Slan Le N-Uisge Beata). AKA - "Neil/Niel Gow's Farewell to Whiskey." AKA and see "Go rabh slan leis an ól," "Goodbye Whiskey" (Pa.), "The Ladies Triumph," "Murphy's Favor," "My Love is But a Lassie," "The Rose in the Garden," "Young America Hornpipe." See also related tune "Twin Sisters" (New England). Scottish (originally), Canadian, English, Irish, American; Strathspey (originally), Slow Air, Country Dance, Polka, Reel, or March (2/4 time). Canada; Cape Breton, Prince Edward Island, Ontario. USA, New England. B Flat Major (Alburger, Carlin, Dunlay & Greenberg, Dunlay & Reich, Gow, Hunter, MacDonald, Neil): A Major (Begin); slow air, country dance, polka, reel or march version often played in G Major (Athole, Brody, Cranitch, Mallinson, Martin, Miller & Perron, Moylan, O'Neill, Raven, Roche & Williamson, Sweet, Tubridy). Standard. AAB (Dunlay & Greenberg, Neil): AABB (most versions). The original was composed by the famous Scottish fiddler Niel Gow (1727-1807) who identified it as a lament on the occasion of the British government's prohibition of using barley to make whiskey in 1799 due to the failure of the crop in Scotland in that year (see the companion tune "Welcome Whiskey Back Again"); it appears in his First Collection, 2nd edition (1801), and reappears in his Fifth Collection (1809). Gow was known to frequently and heartily imbibe, and his reputation for drinking seemed almost as well known as his skill on the fiddle. Verses were written to Gow's tune (appearing in 1804) illustrating his distress at the event (in fact Niel himself noted in the original composition that it gave voice to "the Highlander's sorrow at being deprived of his favourite beverage"), which begin:
***
You've surely heard o' the famous Niel,
The man that played the fiddle weel;
I wat he was a canty chiel,
And dearly loved the whisky, O.
And aye sin' he wore tartan hose,
He dearly lo'ed the Athole brose;
And wae was he, you may suppose,
To bid 'farewell' to whisky, O.
and end:
Come, a' ye powers of music, come!
I find my heart grows unco glum;
My fiddle-strings will no play bum
To say farewell to whiskey, O.
Yet I'll tak my fiddle in my hand,
And screw the pegs up while they'll stand,
To mak a lamentation grand,
On gude auld highland whiskey, O.
***
Neil (1991) relates a well-known anecdote about Gow and his quick wit, and which also possibly refers to his consumption of whiskey:
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It concerns his answer to a friend's query regarding the distance
between Perth and Dunkeld, which Niel had just completed after
an evening of fiddling, namely, that it was not the length of the
road which had bothered him but its breadth.
***
Another anecdote is told by Drummond (Perthsire of Bygone Days) of Neil Gow and this particular composition to the effect that when Niel first heard 'James' (probably Daniel) Dow play "Farewell to Whiskey," "he pulled his bonnet over his eyes, and rushed to the door," overcome with emotion at the rendering. While colorful, the story is false (similar tales have been told of Pagannini and others), for Dow would have had to have performed it eighteen years after he had been in the grave! Gow's slow air quickly became popular, and soon was transformed into dance versions at faster tempos. Cape Breton variations are thought to be by Donald John "the Tailor" Beaton, according to Doug MacPhee (Dunlay & Greenberg); the tune is played as a slow air on Cape Breton, as it was originally written. Paul Cranford reports that some Cape Breton musicians play the tune and variations transposed down a half-step to the key of 'A' Major and tune the fiddle to AEAE. Co. Kerry accordion player Johnny O'Leary played the tune as a polka, pairing it with "The Dark Girl Dressed in Blue." New England fiddlers often play the tune in G Major as a reel for contra dancing; the tune has been a standard there for many years.
**
Sources for notated versions: Mary (Beaton) Macdonald (Cape Breton) [Dunlay & Greenberg, Dunlay & Reich]; Strathspey (New England) [Brody]; accordion player Johnny O'Leary (Sliabh Luachra region of the Cork-Kerry border), recorded in concert at Na Piobairi Uilleann, February, 1981 [Moylan]; Cosmas Sigsworth (b. 1917, Corrville, Central Kings County, Prince Edward Island; now resident of Cardigan) [Perlman]; fiddler Dawson Girdwood (Perth, Ottawa Valley, Ontario) [Begin]. Alburger (Scottish Fiddlers and Their Music), 1983; Ex. 72, pgs. 109-110. Begin (Fiddle Music from the Ottawa Valley), 1985; No. 73, pg. 83. Brody (Fiddler's Fakebook), 1983; pg. 102. Carlin (The Gow Collection), 1986; No. 57. Cranitch (Irish Fiddle Book), 1996; No. 48, pg. 143. Dunlay & Greenberg (Traditional Celtic Violin Music of Cape Breton), 1996; pg. 141. Dunlay & Reich (Traditional Celtic Fiddle Music of Cape Breton), 1986; pg. 68. Hunter (Fiddle Music of Scotland), 1988; No. 47. MacDonald (The Skye Collection), 1887; pg. 136. Mallinson (101 Polkas), 1997; No. 11, pg. 5. Martin (Ceol na Fidhle), Vol. 1, 1991; pg. 15 (appears as "Neil Gow's Farewell to Whisky"). Miller & Perron (101 Polkas), 1978; No. 46. Miller & Perron (New England Fiddler's Repertoire), 1983; No. 134. Moylan (Johnny O'Leary), 1994; No. 55, pg. 32. Neil (The Scots Fiddle), 1991; No. 99, pg. 134. O'Neill (1915 ed.), 1987; No. 103, pg. 57 (march version). O'Neill (1850), 1979; No. 1825, pg. 343 (march version). Perlman (The Fiddle Music of Prince Edward Island), 1996; pg. 97. Raven (English Country Dance Tunes), 1984; pg 149 (appears under the title "The Ladies Triumph"). Roche Collection, 1982, Vol. 2; No. 350, pg. 62 (march version). Sannella, Balance and Swing (CDSS). Stewart-Robertson (The Athole Collection), 1884; pg. 153. Sweet (Fifer's Delgiht), 1964/1981; pg. 60. Tubridy (Irish Traditional Music, Vol. 1), 1999; pg. 11. Williamson (English, Welsh, Scottish and Irish Fiddle Tunes), 1976; pg. 67. Claddagh CC5, Dennis Murphy & Julia Clifford (both from Sliabh Luachra, Co. Kerry) - "The Star Above the Garter." DMP6-27, Doug MacPhee - "Cape Breton Piano II" (1979). F&W Records 3, "The Canterbury Country Orchestra Meets the F&W String Band." Front Hall FHR-023, Michael, McCreesh & Campbell - "The Host of the Air" (1980). Greentrax CDTRAX 9009, Albert Stewart - "Scottish Tradition 9: The Fiddler and his Art" (1993). Kicking Mule 216, Strathspey- "New England Contra Dance Music" (1977). Shanachie 33004, James Morrison- "The Pure Genius of James Morrison." Smithsonian Folkways SFW CD 40126, Rodney Miller - "Choose Your Partners: Contra Dance & Square Dance Music of New Hampshire" (1999).
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T:Farewell to Whiskey
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LOCH LOMOND [1]. AKA - "The Bonny Bonny Banks o' the Lomond," "Yellow is the Rose." Scottish, Air. Apart from "Auld Lang Syne" it is the most famous and recognized Scottish melody ("Oh!, Ye'll tak' the high road and I'll tak' the low road..."). Although there allusions to older origins for the song, it apparently was first published in W. Christie's "Traditional Ballad Airs" (Edinburgh, 1881). Nevertheless, there are legends attached to the tune, one which has a Jacobite (sometimes un-named, sometimes identified as Donald McDonnell of Clan Keppoch) who, in 1746 and about to be executed for his role in the rising, said to his sweetheart (who had come from Scotland to say good-bye to him): "Ye'll take the high road, and I'll take the low road (i.e., the grave), and I'll be in Scotland afore ye." Some versions of the tale have McDonnell (or MacDonald) composing the song in Carlisle Castle, where he is imprisoned awaiting execution for his Moira who is safe in the highlands. After death, his spirit visits her a final time, and he makes love to her, though she can tell he is gone. A variant of the legend has two imprisoned Jacobites bidding farewell, one to be released to struggle home over the Highlands, one to be executed whose spirit will take the 'low road.' Lady John Scott and her husband are also supposed to have heard the piece sung by a boy in the street, and that it was she who popularized it about 1845. Fuld (1971) finds phrases in the tune similar to phrases in "The Bonniest Lass in A' the World" (Thompson, Orpheus Caledonius, 1733) and "Robin Cushie" (MacGibbon, A Collection of Scots Tunes, 1742), but believes "Loch Lomond" sufficiently different to be considered a distinct song. In America it was in the repertory of Buffalo Valley, Pa., region dance fiddler Archie Miller.
***
By yon bonnie banks
And by yon bonnie braes,
Where the sun shines bright
On Loch Lomond
Oh we twa ha'e pass'd
Sae mony blithesome days,
On the bonnie, bonnie banks
O' Loch Lomond.
Chorus:
Oh ye'll tak' the high road
And I'll tak' the low road,
An' I'll be in Sctoland before ye',
But wae is my heart until we meet again
On the Bonnie, bonnie banks
O' Loch Lomond.
***
I mind where we parted
In yon shady glen
On the steep, steep side
O' Ben Lomon'
Where in purple hue
The highland hills we view
And the morn shines out
Frae the gloamin'
***
An' weel may I weep
For yestreen in my sleep
We stood bride and bridegroom together,
But his face and his breath
Were as cold as the death,
And his heart's blood ran red in the heather.
***
The wee bird may sing
An' the wild flowers spring;
An' in sunshine the waters are sleepin'
But the broken heart
It sees nae second spring,
And the world does na ken
How we're greetin'
***
Chrysalis Records, Run Rig (1988). The Corries - "Silver Collection."