ABERGENNY. English, Welsh; Country Dance Tune (2/2 time). G Minor. Standard. AB (Mellor): AABB (Barnes, Raven). The Welsh or Brittonic prefix 'Aber-' means 'mouth', and was attached to names of rivers. Thus Abergenny means the 'mouth of the Genny,' but probably refers to Abergavenny in Monmouth according to Kidson, "which is sufficiently Welsh county in manner and customs to be musically included." Kidson also points out the tune bears a strong resemblance to "Cold and Raw." The tune appears in the 1665 and later editions of Playford's Dancing Master. Barnes (English Country Dance Tunes), 1986. Mellor (Welsh Dance Tunes), 1935; pg. Raven (English Country Dance Tunes), 1984; pg. 18.
CAULD AND RAW THE WIND DOTH BLAW. Northumbrian. Tune title appears in Henry Robson's list of popular Northumbrian song and dance tunes, which he published c. 1800. It is presumably the popular "Cold and Raw."
COLD AND RAW. AKA - "Cold and Rought." AKA and see "Stingo," "Oil of Barley," "Lulle Me Beyond Thee," "The Farmer's Daughter." English, Scottish, Irish; Country Dance and song tune. The air was published by Playford in his Dancing Master (1651) under the title "Stingo, or Oyle of Barley," and it carried that title through all editions until 1690, when the name is changed to "Cold and Raw." The Dancing Master kept the latter until the last, 1728, edition. Kidson (Groves) thinks the "Stingo" title may have originated with a ballad called "A Cup of Old Stingo" printed in Merry Drollery Complete. The "Cold and Raw" title comes from D'Urfy and is the beginning of a song called "The Farmer's Daughter."
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As with many popular ballad tunes, many songs were set to it, leading to a variety of titles. In different editions of D'Urfy's Pills to Purge Melancholy it appears as the aformentioned "The Farmer's Daughter," a song whose first appearance was in D'Urfy's Comes Amores (1688). John Gay printed the tune under his song title "If any wench Venus's girdel wears," from The Beggar's Opera (1729). Emmerson {1971} claims Gay's song is a parody of the 'Scottish' song "Cold and Raw," however, Sharp (1907) declines to believe the Beggar's Opera version is a parody, and points out that Gay was not a musician but rather employed the services of a German, Pepusch, by name, to note down and arrange the airs which Gay sang to him. "It needs but a cursory examination of this opera to see that the airs are anything but faithful transcriptions of genuine peasant-tunes...'Cold and Raw' is converted to a minor tune with a minor 6th and a sharpened leading tone..." Scottish versions are usually called "Cold and Raw," but it can also be found as "Up in the Morning Early." Grattan Flood (1906) characteristically identifies the melody as an Irish bagpipe tune of the mid-17th century, though Kidson (1922) and most writers ascribe Anglo-Scottish origins.
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The English composer Henry Purcell used the tune as a bass part for a Royal Birthday Ode in 1692. Kidson refers to the "well-known" anecdote related by Sir John Hawkins who recalled that Queen Mary asked Mrs. Arabella Hunt, in composer Purcell's presence, if she could not sing "Cold and Raw," one of her favorite melodies. This was seen (by Hawkins) as an affront to Purcell and an indication that the Queen was tired of Purcell's compositions. His response was to use the tune in her next, 1692, birthday ode.
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One of the "lost tunes" from William Vickers 1780 Northumbrian dance tune manuscript is called "Cauld and Raw the Wind Doth Blaw," and is presumably this tune (see note for "Up in the Morning Early"). Raven (English Country Dance Tunes), 1984; pg. 50 ("Cold and Raw"), pg 37 ("Stingo"). Flying Fish FF-407, Robin Williamson - "Winter's Turning" (1986).
COLD AND ROUGH. AKA and see "Cold and Raw."
FARMER'S DAUGHTER [2]. AKA and see "Cold and Raw." English, Air. The air appears under this title in Vol. III of Pills to Purge Melancholy (1719).
IF ANY WENCH VENUS'S GIRDLE WEARS. AKA and see "Cold and Raw," "The Farmer's Daughter." An Anglo-Scottish song appearing in Gay's Beggar's Opera of 1729.
LULL(E) ME BEYOND THEE. AKA and see "Northern Turtle," "Oil of Barley," "Cold and Raw," "Craigieburn Wood." English, Country Dance Tune (6/8 or 6/4 time). D Minor (Barnes, Sharp, Williamson): G Dorian (Chappell). Standard. ABB (Barnes, Sharp): AABC (Chappell): AABB (Williamson). The air was first published by Playford in his "The English Dancing Master" in editions from 1650 through 1690. Williamson (1976) states the tune is a variant to an earlier tune called "Oil of Barley" or "Cold and Raw," which was printed by Thomas d'Urfey in 1686, and that D'Urfey believed the tune to be Scots in origin. The English collector Chappell (1859) remarks that the air appears to have been known at first only as "a new Northern tune," but elsewhere he states that tunes so called were English rather than Scots, and that 'northern' refers not to Scotland but to the northern counties of England. Later the Scots national poet, Robert Burns, fashioned a song on this tune entitled "Craigieburn Wood." Barnes (English Country Dance Tunes), 1986. Chappell (Popular Music of the Olden Times), Vol. 1, 1859; pgs. 320-321. Raven (English Country Dance Tunes), 1984; pg. 46. Sharp (Country Dance Tunes), 1909/1994; pg. 35. Williamson (English, Welsh, Scottish and Irish Fiddle Tunes), 1976; pg. 20.
MOTHER BEGUILES THE DAUGHER, THE. AKA and see "Cold and Raw," "The Oil of Barley," "Stingo."
OIL OF BARLEY. AKA and see "Stingo," "Cold and Raw" and "Lulle Me Beyond Thee."
STINGO. AKA - "Oil of Barley," "Cold and Raw," "The Mother Beguiles the Daughter." English, Country Dance Tune (6/4 time). G Dorian. Standard. AABC. The air was published by Playford in his English Dancing Master (1650). There is a song called "A Cup of Old Stingo" contained in Merry Drollery Complete, 1661 & 1670, which Chappell (1859) says must be forty or fifty years younger than that publication, if it is the original song. Stingo is evidently a brewed alcoholic beverage, according to the lyrics of this ballad. In editions of the Dancing Master after 1690 the tune is called "Cold and Raw," which title was derived from a song to the tune by Thomas D'Urfey, printed in one of his books in 1688. Samuel Bayard finds the melody under the title "Captain Gwynn's Attack" on pg. 80 of the first book of Nicholas Bennett's Alawon fy Ngwlad (1896) and again in Bennett's second volume in "a curious set" as "Judge a Point" (pg. 97). Chappell (Popular Music of the Olden Time), Vol. 1, 1859; pgs. 298-299. Raven (English Country Dance Tunes), 1984; pg. 37. Harmonia Mundi 907101, The King's Delight - "17c. Ballads for Voice & Violin Band" (1992. Appears as tune for "The Little Barley-Corne").
UP I(N) THE MORNING EARLY. AKA - "Cauld Blaws the Wind Frae East to West," "Up in the Morning's No for Me." Scottish, English; Air (6/8 time) or Jig. England, Northumberland. E Minor (Kerr): G Minor/Dorian (Gow). Standard. AABB. Kidson (Groves) says the tune is a version of an old melody called "Stingo" (AKA "Cold and Raw") that had sustained much alteration in Scotland. It is based on an imported Italian chord progression from the 16th century called passamezzo antico (though slightly altered), and is said by some to be the song "Johnny Cope" was created in parody of. Jack Campin believes the melody to be part of a 'wildly ramified tune family' which includes "Lulle me beyond thee" and "Stingo" in Playford, and "Katherine Ogie" as well as a "Johnny Cope."
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"Up in the Morning Early" appears in the Bodleian Mancuscript (in the Bodleian Library, Oxford), inscribed "A Collection of the Newest Country Dances Performed in Scotland written at Edinburgh by D.A. Young, W.M., 1740," in McGibbon's third Collection (1755), and in the 1768 (James) Gillespie Manuscript of Perth. James Oswald included the melody in his Caledonian Pocket Companion, published in London in 1760. The title "Up in the Morning Early" appears in Henry Robson's list of popular Northumbrian song and dance tunes ("The Northern Minstrel's Budget"), which he published c. 1800. A song by this name (set in D Minor) appears in the George Skene manuscript, 1715
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Words and music for "Up in the Morning" appear Johnson's Scots Musical Museum (vol. ii, 1788), said to have been written by the poet Robert Burns, stated in the music volume to be an old song with additions. It goes:
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Cauld blaws the wind frae north to south,
The drift is drivn sairly;
The sheep are cowerin' in the heugh,
O sirs, 'tis winter fairly.
Then up in the mornin's no for me,
Up in the mornin' early;
I'd rather go supperless to my bed,
Than rise in the mornin' early.
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The sun peeps owre yon southland hills
Like any timorous carlie;
Just blinks a wee, then sinks again,
An' that we find severely.
Now up in the mornin's no for me,
Up in the mornin' early;
When snaw blaws in at the chimley cheek,
Who'd rise in the mornin' early?
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A cosy house and cantie wife
Aye, keep a body cheerly;
An' pantries stowed wi' meat and drink,
The answer unco rarely.
But up the the mornin'--na, na, na!
Up in the mornin' early;
The gowans maun glent (daisies must shine) on bank an' brae,
When I rise in the mornin' early.
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Gow (Complete Repository), Part 3, 1806; pg. 4. Kerr (Merry Melodies), Vol. 3; No. 298, pg. 32.
T:Up in the Morning Early
L:1/8
M:6/8
S:Gow - 3rd Repository
K:G Minor
D|G2A B2c|~d>=ef F2F|G>AG d>cB/A/|G3 d2D|G2A B2c|~d>=ef F2F|
G>AG d>cB/A/|(G3 d2):|
|:(F/2G/2A)|B>cB B2B|c>dc c2c|~d>ef gfe|(d3f2)F|B>cB ~c2B|cdf gfe|
d>cB A>G^F|(G3 d2):|